Orasi: Jurnal Ilmu Politik dan Sosial

This study examines social engineering as a major threat to business communication in the digital era and evaluates the effectiveness of ISO/IEC 27001–based information security policies in Indonesia. Using a systematic literature review of 50 sources published between 2015 and 2024, the research analyzes patterns and impacts of social engineering attacks on organizational information security. The findings indicate that most Indonesian businesses have been targeted by such attacks, with phishing and smishing being the most prevalent techniques, and digital business communication serving as the primary target. Although ISO/IEC 27001 has been widely adopted, the overall level of information security maturity remains moderate, with human factors identified as the weakest element. The study concludes that effective information security policies require the integration of technical, managerial, and organizational culture aspects, and recommends strengthening security awareness programs, continuous training, and adaptive policies to enhance organizational resilience against evolving social engineering threats.

This study aims to describe the politeness of the discussion participants in the Indonesia Lawyers Club program theme "The Year of Politics is Increasingly Hot: The Look of Boyolali vs. Sontoloyo" on November 6 2018. Data analysis and discussion in this study rests on Leech's theory which describes six maxims (provisions and teachings ) namely: (1) wisdom maxim (tact maxim), (2) generosity (generosity maxim), (3) maxim maxim (approbation maxim), (4) humility (mode maxim), (5) agreement maxim (agreement maxim ), and (6) sympathy maxim. This research method is a qualitative descriptive method by recording recorded data, analyzing all data obtained, identifying data and checking the validity of the data, and concluding the results of research on politeness in ILC events. Based on the data collected, it was found that there were many forms of violations of politeness from harsh words issued and high notes that were widely used by ILC discussion participants.

The neutrality of Civil Servants (ASN) is a fundamental principle to ensure professionalism and integrity within Indonesia’s bureaucracy. However, violations of this principle still frequently occur, especially during general elections, indicating weak law enforcement and low bureaucratic ethical awareness. This study aims to analyze the relationship between regulations and bureaucratic ethics in strengthening ASN neutrality and to evaluate the effectiveness of legal instruments in fostering the moral awareness of state officials. The research employed a qualitative approach using a literature review method. Data were collected through an examination of relevant laws and regulations, academic journals, books, and research reports sourced from academic portals such as Mendeley, Google Scholar, Garuda, and SINTA. The findings reveal that although regulations such as Law Number 5 of 2014 on ASN and the Government Regulation on the Code of Ethics provide a strong legal foundation, their implementation remains suboptimal without sufficient moral awareness among civil servants. Therefore, ASN compliance with neutrality principles must be supported not only by legal sanctions but also by continuous ethical development to foster professionalism, neutrality, and integrity in public service.

Indonesia as a legal state places the rule of law as the main foundation in the administration of government, including in the management of the Civil State Apparatus (ASN) which consists of Civil Servants (PNS) and Government Employees with Work Agreements (PPPK) who often face employment disputes due to official decisions deemed detrimental, such as dismissal, transfer, or disciplinary sanctions. This study aims to analyze the role of the Administrative Court (PTUN) in resolving ASN disputes, examine dispute resolution mechanisms, identify implementation constraints, and formulate strategic efforts to strengthen the effectiveness of PTUN. The research method uses a literature study by examining various scientific sources such as journal articles, books, and relevant laws and regulations. The research findings indicate that PTUN has a vital role in providing legal protection for ASN through the examination of the legality of State Administrative Decisions (KTUN), with resolution mechanisms through administrative efforts to the ASN Consideration Agency (BPASN) and lawsuits to PTUN. However, its effectiveness is hindered by overlapping authorities, lack of legal understanding among ASN, non-compliance with court decisions, and slow judicial processes, thus requiring regulatory harmonization, institutional capacity building, digitalization of the judicial system, legal education, and enforcement of decision implementation to realize justice and legal certainty for ASN as well as a professional and accountable bureaucracy.

Digital transformation and the experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic have driven significant changes in work patterns within the public sector, including the emergence of the Work From Anywhere (WFA) policy for Indonesia’s civil servants (ASN). This policy is viewed as having the potential to enhance efficiency, productivity, and service quality, although its implementation still faces various structural and cultural barriers. This study aims to analyze the implications of WFA adoption within ASN institutions by examining the factors influencing its effectiveness, its impact on employee performance and public service delivery, and lessons learned from international practices. The research employs a qualitative descriptive method, with data collected through a Structured Literature Review (SLR) based on systematic source selection using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria. The findings reveal that WFA offers several benefits, including increased productivity, time efficiency, improved work-life balance, and reduced operational costs. However, challenges remain, particularly regarding digital infrastructure disparities, technological literacy gaps, a work culture centered on physical presence, and weak performance-based evaluation systems. Lessons from other countries highlight the importance of digital leadership, trust-based organizational culture, and equitable infrastructure development. This study concludes that WFA has the potential to become a catalyst for digital bureaucratic reform, provided it is supported by clear regulations, enhanced ASN capacity, and a gradual and integrated transformation of work culture. 

The employee management information system (simpeg) is a digital system that facilitates digital-based personnel administration processes, making it easier to manage integrated employee data. one of the institutions promoting this innovation is the regional office of the ministry of law in west sumatra in managing personnel data. At the regional officeof the ministry of law in west sumatra, the employee management information system (simpeg) has been implemented since 2015. This study aims to examine the role of the employee management information system (simpeg) in the digital transformation of bureaucracy at the regional office of the ministry of law in west sumatra. This research uses aqualitative method with data collection techniques through interviews and documentation to identify the roles, benefits, and challenges in the implementation of the employee management information system (simpeg). Research results indicate that the personnel management information system (simpeg) provides convenience in managing employee data such as attendance, performance evaluation, promotions, and others. However, there are still challenges in the personnel management information system (simpeg), such as synchronization processes that need further development.

Kesuksesan dan kemampuan Aparatur Sipil Negara (ASN) sangat penting untuk penyediaan layanan publik yang berkualitas tinggi. Kepuasan masyarakat terhadap layanan pemerintah dipengaruhi langsung oleh kualitas ASN yang baik. Untuk memenuhi tugasnya sebagai pelayan publik di era disrupsi digital saat ini, ASN harus fleksibel, inovatif, dan profesional. Penelitian ini mengkaji peran BPSDM Provinsi Sumatera Barat dalam meningkatkan kompetensi ASN melalui program pendidikan dan pelatihan manajerial, salah satu upaya strategis untuk meningkatkan kompetensi tersebut. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara kualitatif menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif. Metode pengumpulan data meliputi wawancara menyeluruh dengan BPSDM Provinsi Sumatera Barat, penelitian literatur dari berbagai jurnal, laporan kinerja, dan dokumen resmi yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa BPSDM memiliki peran strategis dalam meningkatkan kapasitas ASN melalui penerapan sistem pembelajaran campuran, proyek perubahan, dan evaluasi berkelanjutan yang berfokus pada meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan publik. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa BPSDM Sumatera Barat tidak hanya meningkatkan pengetahuan dan keterampilan teknis ASN, tetapi juga membangun kesiapan aparatur dalam menghadapi tuntutan era digital. Blended learning dinilai memperluas kesempatan belajar sekaligus mendukung efisiensi anggaran tanpa mengurangi efektivitas pembelajaran. Komponen Proyek Perubahan terbukti memberikan ruang bagi peserta untuk mengembangkan inovasi yang dapat diterapkan langsung di instansi masing-masing. Dampaknya terlihat dari kemampuan peserta dalam menganalisis persoalan organisasi dan merumuskan solusi yang berdampak pada peningkatan kinerja unit kerja. Walaupun berbagai kendala seperti keterbatasan sumber daya, kesenjangan kemampuan peserta, dan hambatan teknis masih ditemui, BPSDM mampu mengoptimalkan penyelenggaraan pelatihan dengan meningkatkan kualitas widyaiswara, memperluas kolaborasi, dan mengatur seleksi peserta secara efektif.

A competency based personnel system has become one of the effective approaches to enhancing bureaucratic effectiveness and improving the quality of public services. This approach emphasizes the placement and development of employees based on the alignment between their qualifications, skills, and job requirements, thereby enabling each individual to contribute optimally to the achievement of organizational performance. This study aims to analyze the implementation of a competency based personnel system at the Padang Barat Sub-district Office, its impact on employee performance, and the strategies applied to address budget limitations. The research employed a descriptive qualitative method, with data collected through observation, semi-structured interviews, and analysis of official documents such as performance reports, organizational charts, and training records. The findings indicate that the implementation of the competency-based system is carried out through Job Analysis and Workforce Needs Analysis as the basis for assigning employees according to their qualifications and competencies. Although formal development through training programs remains limited due to budget constraints, the subdistrict leadership has optimized non-formal coaching through weekly meetings, mentoring, and the utilization of digital platforms such as e-Performance. The implementation of this system has proven to enhance discipline, responsibility, work efficiency, and the quality of public services, as reflected in faster service delivery and increased public satisfaction. Therefore, the application of a competency-based personnel system at the Padang Barat Subdistrict Office can be considered effective in improving both individual and organizational performance, and in supporting the realization of professional, adaptive, and service-oriented governance.

Perkembangan teknologi digital telah mengubah wajah komunikasi publik sekaligus menghadirkan tantangan baru dalam etika dan hukum komunikasi. Salah satu fenomena yang menonjol adalah penyebaran video deepfake yang memanfaatkan kecerdasan buatan (AI) untuk memanipulasi visual dan suara seseorang. Penelitian ini membahas kasus video deepfake Menteri Keuangan Sri Mulyani Indrawati pada tahun 2025 sebagai contoh nyata pelanggaran etika komunikasi dan tantangan hukum digital di Indonesia. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskriptif kualitatif melalui studi pustaka terhadap jurnal ilmiah, regulasi pemerintah, serta laporan lembaga riset nasional. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa penyebaran video deepfake melanggar prinsip dasar etika komunikasi seperti kejujuran, tanggung jawab sosial, dan penghormatan terhadap martabat manusia. Dari sisi hukum, kasus ini berkaitan dengan pelanggaran Undang-Undang ITE dan Peraturan Menteri Kominfo tentang Penyelenggara Sistem Elektronik, namun penegakannya masih menghadapi kendala teknis dan regulatif. Secara sosial, fenomena ini berdampak pada menurunnya kepercayaan publik dan meningkatnya polarisasi digital. Penelitian ini menegaskan pentingnya kolaborasi antara pemerintah, platform digital, dan masyarakat dalam memperkuat etika komunikasi, memperbarui hukum, serta meningkatkan literasi digital sebagai fondasi bagi terciptanya ekosistem komunikasi publik yang beradab dan bertanggung jawab.